Mandatory Prenatal HIV Testing Essay - 901 Words

Mandatory Prenatal HIV Testing This particular journal researches prenatal HIV testing as it relates to vertical transmission. Randomized controlled studies involving HIV- positive pregnant women at various stages of pregnancy were monitored and evaluated in an effort to find conclusive reasoning for prenatal testing. Women of different income levels, educational and ethnic backgrounds were involved in these studies. The AIDS Clinical Trials Group Study 076 as well as following randomized controlled trials were used in order to test whether prenatal testing was an effective means of preventing the vertical transmission of the HIV virus. Quick and relatively simple tests were performed in order to first determine whether†¦show more content†¦Statistically, these methods of research produce findings that are typically more accurate than the other various approaches to research. Likewise, the HIV test itself is basically a simple and for the most part accurate means of determining whether a pregnant mother is HIV- positive. The tests were administered to mothers that had already tested positive in order to further ensure the accuracy of the study. In this way, it appears that much time and effort was put forth in order to find conclusive reasoning either proving or disproving the theory that prenatal HIV testing should be mandatory. On the other hand, in order to develop policies that wo uld make prenatal screening mandatory there are two sides to consider; pregnant women who are HIV- positive and pregnant women who do not carry the virus. In this way, the study lacks in including women who must be tested for seemingly no reason. It fails to mention if any undue hardships must be placed upon women who are HIV- negative. Because HIV can be a treatable disease the findings from this study are as most would expect them to be. Early detection leads to an increased likelihood of preventing the viral transmission of the disease. The findings themselves are quite impressive also. If at anytime the spread of a disease can be decreased by nearly 50 % as long as it is detected and treated in a timely fashion, then it is easy to assume that those measures would beShow MoreRelatedEssay about Voluntary Testing for Pregnant Women3201 Words   |  13 PagesVoluntary Testing for Pregnant Women During the past decade, the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has become a leading cause of mortality among women. This population is now accounting for the most rapid increase in cases of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in recent years. As the numbers of cases of HIV infection have increased among women, particularly of childbearing age, increasing numbers of children have become infected as well. Various studies conducted to date indicateRead MoreEssay on Prevention Of Hiv Transmittance To Babies1145 Words   |  5 Pages Prevention of HIV Transmittance to Babies Last year, it was cause for celebration. The cause of celebration was for the results that several clinical trials of zidovudine cut the risk for mother to child transmission of human immune deficiency virus (HIV) by two thirds. Although, this year, it is the basis for new federal recommendations that all pregnant women should receive HIV testing and counseling. But, these findings have been cause of protests by several activist groups. Activists fear thatRead MorePrenatal And Routine Postnatal Hiv Screening1820 Words   |  8 PagesI. Introduction Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) diagnoses are increasing among women in the United States; as a result there is an increase in newborns born with HIV via vertical transmission, accounting for nearly all pediatric AIDS cases in the US. Between 1999 and 2000, about 370 HIV infected infants were born, 40% of which were born to mothers who were unaware of their HIV status before delivery. Without antiretroviral therapy or other forms of intervention, 25% of infected pregnant womenRead MoreHiv Testing in Newborns Essay2981 Words   |  12 PagesThis paper presents an ethical analysis of the mandatory newborn HIV testing law enacted in New York State. The law was passed as an effort to decrease maternal transmission of HIV, by treating infants born to HIV positive mothers immediately after birth with AZT. Newborn testing was promoted by the legislative and medical community following the overwhelmingly positive response from HIV infected pregnant women who were given AZT in the ACTG 076 clinical trials. Pregnant mothers who were givenRead MoreComparing Two Studies On Estimated Hiv Incidence And Prevalence1456 Words   |  6 PagesStudies on estimated HIV Incidence and Prevalence Introduction In the era of HIV global pandemic, estimating incidence and prevalence correctly is critical, as it becomes a strong tool for authorities to decide next action, to mitigate infection rate and its multiple consequences to society. 2 studies investigated HIV estimated incidence from different approaches. Prejean et al studied the incidence estimates in the United States, by using a four-year data obtained from HIV incidence surveillanceRead MoreThe Prevalence Of Hiv Is Higher Among Women Essay2100 Words   |  9 PagesThe prevalence of HIV is higher among women (30%) than men (19%) (Ministry of Health [Lesotho] ICF International, 2014). For both men and women, HIV prevalence increases with age and then declines. HIV prevalence is highest for women at age group 35-39 (46%) and for men at age group 40-44 (44%). Taking employment into consideration, employed individuals in Lesotho have higher prevalence of HIV than unemployed for both men and women. The prevalence among employed men and women is 39% and 23%, respectivelyRead MoreAbortion Is Not A Black And White Issue1242 Words   |  5 Pagesuse somebody’s body without their permission. The Catholic Church and the State of Ireland seem to be leisurely recognizing that abortion is not a black and white issue. The reasons for abortion are vast and complex, and in some cases abortion is mandatory in order to save the life of the mother. By observing abortion as if it were black and white, the State and the Church did not face the reality that the support of comprehensive reproductive healthcare is absolutely necessary. This neglect exemplifiesRead MoreRoad Transport and Traffic System, and Safety Problems in Ethiopia: the Two Decades Experiences2347 Words   |  10 PagesAlzheimers disease 8. Type 2 diabetes 9. Breast cancer 10. Stomach cancer b. The list of major death for low- and middle-income countries 1) Heart disease 2) Stroke 3) Lower respiratory infections 4) HIV/AIDS 5) Fetus/newborn (prenatal) conditions 6) Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) 7) Diarrhea 8) Tuberculosis 9) Malaria 10) Road traffic accidents One child is killed in road accidents every 3 minutes worldwide. World spend Billions andRead MoreResearch Paper on Health5553 Words   |  23 Pagescommunities to give their daughters the additional time they need to grow and develop from girlhood into womanhood before becoming wives and mothers. * HIV Young people’s risk of HIV infection is closely correlated with age of sexual debut. Abstinence from sexual intercourse and delayed initiation of sexual behaviour are among the central aims of HIV prevention efforts for young people. Decreasing the number of sexual partners and increasing access to, and utilization of comprehensive prevention servicesRead MoreSubstance Abuse15082 Words   |  61 Pagesfractures and poisoning. 2. Sexual - unwanted pregnancy, sexual transmitted infections, HIV Aids. 3. Emotional - Poor self-esteem, self-inflicted injury, eating disorders, sleeping disorders, depression and anxiety, feelings and shame and guilt. 4. Long term - Development effects, disability, alcohol/drug abuse. They are at the risk of being abusive and violent behaviour. 5. Fatal - Homicide, suicide, infanticide and HIV/AIDS. RISK FACTORS FOR ABUSE a. History of child abuse b. Substance abuse c.